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Learning disorder

MedGen UID:
44084
•Concept ID:
C0023186
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Disorder, Learning; Disorders, Learning; Learning Disorder; Learning Disorders
SNOMED CT: Academic skill disorder (1855002); Learning disorder (1855002)

Definition

A group of disorders that affect a person''s ability to learn or process specific types of information which is in contrast to his/her apparent level of intellect. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVLearning disorder

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Implementation and Evaluation of Primary Care Team Participation in Opioid Use Disorder Learning Sessions.
Lutgen C, Callen E, Robertson E, Clay T, Filippi MK
Subst Abus 2023 Jan-Apr;44(1):51-61. Epub 2023 May 11 doi: 10.1177/08897077231174675. PMID: 37226899
Epilepsy Disorders and Treatment Modalities.
Kaeberle J
NASN Sch Nurse 2018 Nov;33(6):342-344. Epub 2018 Jul 19 doi: 10.1177/1942602X18785246. PMID: 30024820
Comorbidity prevalence and treatment outcome in children and adolescents with ADHD.
Reale L, Bartoli B, Cartabia M, Zanetti M, Costantino MA, Canevini MP, Termine C, Bonati M; Lombardy ADHD Group
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017 Dec;26(12):1443-1457. Epub 2017 May 19 doi: 10.1007/s00787-017-1005-z. PMID: 28527021

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Passive Suicidal Ideation in Childhood.
Van Hove L, Baetens I, Van Leeuwen K, Roelants M, Roeljan Wiersema J, Lewis SP, Heath N
Crisis 2023 Mar;44(2):100-107. Epub 2021 Dec 17 doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000835. PMID: 34915734
The hope theory and specific learning disorders and/or attention deficit disorders (SLD/ADHD): Developmental perspectives.
Einav M, Margalit M
Curr Opin Psychol 2022 Dec;48:101471. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101471. PMID: 36335656
Neuropsychological functioning in children with and without specific learning disorder.
Mufti S, Arshad M, Bibi B
J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Feb;71(2(B)):629-632. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.778. PMID: 33941948
Reintroducing Dyslexia: Early Identification and Implications for Pediatric Practice.
Sanfilippo J, Ness M, Petscher Y, Rappaport L, Zuckerman B, Gaab N
Pediatrics 2020 Jul;146(1) Epub 2020 Jun 23 doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3046. PMID: 32576595Free PMC Article
Are specific learning disorders truly specific, and are they disorders?
Peters L, Ansari D
Trends Neurosci Educ 2019 Dec;17:100115. Epub 2019 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.tine.2019.100115. PMID: 31685130

Diagnosis

Parent experiences of specific learning disorder diagnosis: A scoping review.
Anthony H, Reupert A, McLean L
Dyslexia 2024 Feb;30(1):e1757. Epub 2024 Jan 4 doi: 10.1002/dys.1757. PMID: 38176422
Dysgraphia disorder forecasting and classification technique using intelligent deep learning approaches.
Devi A, Kavya G
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023 Jan 10;120:110647. Epub 2022 Sep 28 doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110647. PMID: 36181958
Neuropsychological functioning in children with and without specific learning disorder.
Mufti S, Arshad M, Bibi B
J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Feb;71(2(B)):629-632. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.778. PMID: 33941948
Reintroducing Dyslexia: Early Identification and Implications for Pediatric Practice.
Sanfilippo J, Ness M, Petscher Y, Rappaport L, Zuckerman B, Gaab N
Pediatrics 2020 Jul;146(1) Epub 2020 Jun 23 doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3046. PMID: 32576595Free PMC Article
Developmental dyscalculia.
Price GR, Ansari D
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;111:241-4. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52891-9.00025-7. PMID: 23622170

Therapy

Eye-tracking training improves the learning and memory of children with learning difficulty.
Chan AS, Lee TL, Sze SL, Yang NS, Han YMY
Sci Rep 2022 Aug 17;12(1):13974. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18286-6. PMID: 35977994Free PMC Article
Long-term melatonin treatment for the sleep problems and aberrant behaviors of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Yuge K, Nagamitsu S, Ishikawa Y, Hamada I, Takahashi H, Sugioka H, Yotsuya O, Mishima K, Hayashi M, Yamashita Y
BMC Psychiatry 2020 Sep 10;20(1):445. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02847-y. PMID: 32912180Free PMC Article
Panel 5: Impact of otitis media on quality of life and development.
Homøe P, Heidemann CH, Damoiseaux RA, Lailach S, Lieu JEC, Phillips JS, Venekamp RP
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Mar;130 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):109837. Epub 2019 Dec 20 doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109837. PMID: 31883704Free PMC Article
Try to Remember: Interplay between Memory and Substance Use Disorder.
Mohamed RMP, Kumar J, Yap E, Mohamed IN, Sidi H, Adam RL, Das S
Curr Drug Targets 2019;20(2):158-165. doi: 10.2174/1389450118666170622092824. PMID: 28641520
Music education for improving reading skills in children and adolescents with dyslexia.
Cogo-Moreira H, Andriolo RB, Yazigi L, Ploubidis GB, Brandão de Ávila CR, Mari JJ
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Aug 15;(8):CD009133. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009133.pub2. PMID: 22895983

Prognosis

The hope theory and specific learning disorders and/or attention deficit disorders (SLD/ADHD): Developmental perspectives.
Einav M, Margalit M
Curr Opin Psychol 2022 Dec;48:101471. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101471. PMID: 36335656
Developmental milestones as early indicators of twice-exceptionality.
LeBeau B, Schabilion K, Assouline SG, Foley Nicpon M, Doobay AF, Mahatmya D
Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022 Oct;194:107671. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107671. PMID: 35908656
Neuropsychological functioning in children with and without specific learning disorder.
Mufti S, Arshad M, Bibi B
J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Feb;71(2(B)):629-632. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.778. PMID: 33941948
The emergence of dyslexia in the developing brain.
Kuhl U, Neef NE, Kraft I, Schaadt G, Dörr L, Brauer J, Czepezauer I, Müller B, Wilcke A, Kirsten H, Emmrich F, Boltze J, Friederici AD, Skeide MA
Neuroimage 2020 May 1;211:116633. Epub 2020 Feb 12 doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116633. PMID: 32061802
A compensatory role for declarative memory in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Ullman MT, Pullman MY
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015 Apr;51:205-22. Epub 2015 Jan 15 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.008. PMID: 25597655Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

The hope theory and specific learning disorders and/or attention deficit disorders (SLD/ADHD): Developmental perspectives.
Einav M, Margalit M
Curr Opin Psychol 2022 Dec;48:101471. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101471. PMID: 36335656
Neuropsychological functioning in children with and without specific learning disorder.
Mufti S, Arshad M, Bibi B
J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Feb;71(2(B)):629-632. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.778. PMID: 33941948
The emergence of dyslexia in the developing brain.
Kuhl U, Neef NE, Kraft I, Schaadt G, Dörr L, Brauer J, Czepezauer I, Müller B, Wilcke A, Kirsten H, Emmrich F, Boltze J, Friederici AD, Skeide MA
Neuroimage 2020 May 1;211:116633. Epub 2020 Feb 12 doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116633. PMID: 32061802
A compensatory role for declarative memory in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Ullman MT, Pullman MY
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015 Apr;51:205-22. Epub 2015 Jan 15 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.008. PMID: 25597655Free PMC Article
Specific learning disorder: prevalence and gender differences.
Moll K, Kunze S, Neuhoff N, Bruder J, Schulte-Körne G
PLoS One 2014;9(7):e103537. Epub 2014 Jul 29 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103537. PMID: 25072465Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Parent experiences of specific learning disorder diagnosis: A scoping review.
Anthony H, Reupert A, McLean L
Dyslexia 2024 Feb;30(1):e1757. Epub 2024 Jan 4 doi: 10.1002/dys.1757. PMID: 38176422
Giftedness and Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.
Kontakou A, Dimitriou G, Panagouli E, Thomaidis L, Psaltopoulou T, Sergentanis TN, Tsitsika A
J Dev Behav Pediatr 2022 Sep 1;43(7):e483-e497. Epub 2022 Aug 29 doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001103. PMID: 36040826
Methods used by psychologists for identifying dyslexia: A systematic review.
Sadusky A, Berger EP, Reupert AE, Freeman NC
Dyslexia 2022 May;28(2):132-148. Epub 2021 Dec 20 doi: 10.1002/dys.1706. PMID: 34931397
Research Review: Language and specific learning disorders in children and their co-occurrence with internalizing and externalizing problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Donolato E, Cardillo R, Mammarella IC, Melby-Lervåg M
J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022 May;63(5):507-518. Epub 2021 Nov 7 doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13536. PMID: 34747025
Music education for improving reading skills in children and adolescents with dyslexia.
Cogo-Moreira H, Andriolo RB, Yazigi L, Ploubidis GB, Brandão de Ávila CR, Mari JJ
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Aug 15;(8):CD009133. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009133.pub2. PMID: 22895983

Supplemental Content

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